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The Neutrality of American in the Early World War II

The establishment of the Third Reich influenced events in American history by starting a chain of events which

culminated in war between Germany and the United States. The compete destruction of democracy, the persecution of Jews,

the war on religion, the cruelty and barbarism of the Nazis, and especially the plans of Germany and her allies, Italy and

Japan, for world conquest caused great indignation in this country and brought on fear of another world war.

While speaking out against Hitler's atrocities, the American people generally favored is out against policies and

neutrality.

The Neutrality Acts of 1935 and 1936 prohibited trade with any belligerents or loans to them. In 1937 the President

was empowered to declare an arms embargo in wars between nations at his discretion.

American opinion began to change somewhat after President Roosevelt's “quarantine the aggressor” speech at Chicago

(1937) in which he severely criticized Hitler' s policies. Germany's seizure of Austria and the Munich Pact for the partition of

Czechoslovakia (1938) also aroused the American people.

The conquest of Czechoslovakia in March, 1939 was another rude awakening to the menace of the Third Reich. In

August, 1939 came the shock of the Nazi-soviet Pact and in September the attack on Poland and the outbreak of European

war.

The United States attempted to maintain neutrality in spite of sympathy for the democracies arrayed against the Third

Reich. The Neutrality Act of 1939 repealed the arms embargo and permitted “cash and carry” exports of arms to belligerent

nations. A strong national defense program was begun.

A draft act was passed (1940) to strengthen the military services. A Lend-lease Act (1941) authorized the President to

sell, exchange, or lend materials to any country deemed necessary by him for the defense of the United States. Help was

given to Britain by exchanging certain overage destroyers for the right to establish American bases in British territory in the

Western Hemisphere. In August, 1940 President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill met and issued the Atlantic Charter

which proclaimed the kind of a world which should be established after the war.

In December, 1941, Japan launched the unprovoked attack on the United States at Pearl Harbor. Immediately thereafter, Germany declared war on the United States.

6

【单项选择题】

Oneitemoccurringbefore1937thattheauthordoesnotmentioninhislistofactionsthatalienated theAmericanpublicwas _______.

A

theburningoftheReichstag.

B

Germanplansforconquest.

C

Nazibarbarism.

D

the persecution of religious groups.

　　

　　正确答案

本题考查细节。A选项，帝国大厦焚毁，众所周知，这是纳粹希特勒精心策划的一次政治阴谋，旨在迫害德国共产党。综上，A选项正确。

B选项，德国征服计划，不合题意，故排除。

C选项，纳粹之残暴，不合题意，故排除。

D选项，迫害宗教团体在文中都提到。见第一段第二句“民主的全面摧毁、对犹太人的迫害、摧残宗教、纳粹的残忍和野蛮，特别是德国及其盟国意、日征服世界的计划激起美国极大愤怒，也带来了对又一次世界大战的恐惧。” ，不合题意，故排除。

故正确选项为A。

　　

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